Semantic Scholar

Search and read Semantic Scholar's corpus of over 200 million research papers: find papers and authors, follow citations forwards and backwards, get AI one-sentence summaries and BibTeX, and get paper recommendations.

Actions

Action	What it does
Fetch papers in bulk	Pull an entire filtered set of papers, 1,000 at a time.
Find paper by title	Find the one paper whose title is closest to a phrase.
Get a paper's authors	List the authors of a paper with their full profiles: affiliation, homepage, how many papers they have published, how often they are cited and their h-index.
Get a paper's references	List the papers a given paper cites (its bibliography, resolved to real paper records) with the sentences each one was cited in and what it was cited for.
Get an author's papers	List everything an author has published, optionally narrowed to a publication-date window.
Get author	Get one author's profile: name, affiliations, homepage, how many papers they have published, how often they are cited, and their h-index.
Get many authors	Look up as many as 500 author profiles in a single request, for a lab roster, a programme committee, or the author list of a paper you already fetched.
Get many papers	Look up as many as 500 papers in a single request: the right way to enrich a reading list, a bibliography, or a column of DOIs from a spreadsheet.
Get paper	Get everything Semantic Scholar knows about one paper: abstract, authors, venue, citation counts, the open-access PDF link, a ready-made BibTeX entry, and the AI-written one-sentence TLDR.
Get papers citing this one	List the papers that cite a given paper, newest work included, along with why they cite it: the sentences the citation appears in, what it was cited for (background, method, or result), and whether Semantic Scholar judged it an influential citation.
List dataset releases	List every published snapshot of the Semantic Scholar corpus.
List datasets in a release	List the datasets in one corpus snapshot (papers, abstracts, authors, citations, embeddings, TLDRs, the S2ORC full text), each with the record count and file size it holds, plus the release's licence terms.
Recommend papers from a reading list	Recommend papers from examples: a list of papers to find more like, and optionally a list to steer away from.
Recommend papers like this one	Given one paper, recommend related ones.
Search authors	Find author profiles by name.
Search papers	Search Semantic Scholar's 200-million-paper corpus by relevance and filter the results by year, publication date, venue, field of study, publication type, citation count, or open-access availability.
Suggest paper titles	Suggest paper titles for a partial query (the type-ahead behind Semantic Scholar's own search box).

Fetch papers in bulk

Pull an entire filtered set of papers, 1,000 at a time. Unlike relevance search this ranks nothing; it returns everything that matches, in the order you sort by, with a continuation token to fetch the next batch. The text query is optional and understands boolean operators: '+' for AND, '|' for OR, '-' to exclude, quotes for a phrase, '*' for a prefix and '~N' for fuzziness. Give it at least a query or one filter.

Inputs

Search termsquerytext: Matched against title and abstract. Supports '+' (AND), '|' (OR), '-' (exclude), "quoted phrases", '*' (prefix) and '~N' (fuzzy). Optional if you set a filter instead.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each paper. Leave empty for the usual set (title, abstract, year, venue, authors, citation counts, open-access link and IDs). Every extra field costs response size, so pick deliberately on large result sets.One or more of: paperId (Paper ID), corpusId (Corpus ID), externalIds (External IDs (DOI, arXiv, PubMed…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), title, abstract, venue (Venue name), publicationVenue (Venue (full record)), year, publicationDate (Publication date), and 11 more.
Sort bysorttext: Order of the results. Defaults to paper ID ascending, which is the only order guaranteed to stay stable while you page through a large set.One of: paperId:asc (Paper ID, ascending (most stable for paging)), paperId:desc (Paper ID, descending), publicationDate:asc (Publication date (oldest first)), publicationDate:desc (Publication date (newest first)), citationCount:asc (Citations (least cited first)), citationCount:desc (Citations (most cited first)).
Continuation tokentokentext: Paste the 'next_token' from a previous run to fetch the next 1,000 papers. Leave empty to start.
Publication typespublication_typestext: Only return papers of these types. Leave empty for every type. A paper matching any of the chosen types is included.One or more of: Review, JournalArticle, CaseReport, ClinicalTrial, Conference, Dataset, Editorial, LettersAndComments, MetaAnalysis, News, and 3 more.
Fields of studyfields_of_studytext: Only return papers in these fields of study. Leave empty for every field. A paper matching any of the chosen fields is included.One or more of: Computer Science, Medicine, Chemistry, Biology, Materials Science, Physics, Geology, Psychology, Art, History, and 13 more.
Venuesvenueslist: Only return papers published in these journals or conferences. Full names and ISO4 abbreviations both work, for example 'Nature' or 'N. Engl. J. Med.'.
Open access onlyopen_access_onlytrue/false: Only return papers with a freely downloadable PDF. Turn this on when the workflow goes on to read the full text.
Minimum citationsmin_citation_countnumber: Only return papers cited at least this many times. A quick way to filter for work the field has actually taken up.From 0 to 1000000.
Published from yearyear_fromnumber: Only return papers published in or after this year. Can be used on its own for an open-ended range.From 1000 to 2999.
Published up to yearyear_tonumber: Only return papers published in or before this year. Can be used on its own for an open-ended range.From 1000 to 2999.
Published on or afterpublished_fromdate: Only return papers published on or after this date. Use this rather than the year boxes when the window is narrower than a year; note that papers with no exact publication date on record are excluded.
Published on or beforepublished_todate: Only return papers published on or before this date. Papers with no exact publication date on record are excluded.

Outputs

has_moretrue/false
next_tokentext
result_countnumber
resultslist
total_resultsnumber

Example output

{
  "has_more": false,
  "next_token": null,
  "result_count": 1,
  "results": [
    {
      "abstract": "We describe a deployed scalable system for organizing published scientific literature into a heterogeneous graph to facilitate algorithmic manipulation and discovery.",
      "authors": [
        {
          "authorId": "145585097",
          "name": "Bridger Waleed Ammar"
        },
        {
          "authorId": "3458736",
          "name": "Dirk Groeneveld"
        }
      ],
      "citationCount": 452,
      "externalIds": {
        "ArXiv": "1805.02262",
        "CorpusId": 19170988,
        "DOI": "10.18653/v1/N18-3011"
      },
      "fieldsOfStudy": [
        "Computer Science"
      ],
      "influentialCitationCount": 51,
      "isOpenAccess": true,
      "openAccessPdf": {
        "license": "CCBY",
        "status": "GOLD",
        "url": "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3011.pdf"
      },
      "paperId": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "publicationDate": "2018-05-06",
      "publicationTypes": [
        "JournalArticle",
        "Conference"
      ],
      "referenceCount": 26,
      "title": "Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar",
      "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "venue": "North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
      "year": 2018
    }
  ],
  "total_results": 55
}

Find paper by title

Find the one paper whose title is closest to a phrase. Use it to turn a citation, a reading-list line or a half-remembered title into a real paper record. When nothing matches you get 'matched: false' rather than an error, so a reference-checking workflow can branch on it.

Inputs

TitlequerytextRequired: The paper title, or as much of it as you have.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each paper. Leave empty for the usual set (title, abstract, year, venue, authors, citation counts, open-access link and IDs). Every extra field costs response size, so pick deliberately on large result sets.One or more of: paperId (Paper ID), corpusId (Corpus ID), externalIds (External IDs (DOI, arXiv, PubMed…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), title, abstract, venue (Venue name), publicationVenue (Venue (full record)), year, publicationDate (Publication date), and 13 more.
Publication typespublication_typestext: Only return papers of these types. Leave empty for every type. A paper matching any of the chosen types is included.One or more of: Review, JournalArticle, CaseReport, ClinicalTrial, Conference, Dataset, Editorial, LettersAndComments, MetaAnalysis, News, and 3 more.
Fields of studyfields_of_studytext: Only return papers in these fields of study. Leave empty for every field. A paper matching any of the chosen fields is included.One or more of: Computer Science, Medicine, Chemistry, Biology, Materials Science, Physics, Geology, Psychology, Art, History, and 13 more.
Venuesvenueslist: Only return papers published in these journals or conferences. Full names and ISO4 abbreviations both work, for example 'Nature' or 'N. Engl. J. Med.'.
Open access onlyopen_access_onlytrue/false: Only return papers with a freely downloadable PDF. Turn this on when the workflow goes on to read the full text.
Minimum citationsmin_citation_countnumber: Only return papers cited at least this many times. A quick way to filter for work the field has actually taken up.From 0 to 1000000.
Published from yearyear_fromnumber: Only return papers published in or after this year. Can be used on its own for an open-ended range.From 1000 to 2999.
Published up to yearyear_tonumber: Only return papers published in or before this year. Can be used on its own for an open-ended range.From 1000 to 2999.
Published on or afterpublished_fromdate: Only return papers published on or after this date. Use this rather than the year boxes when the window is narrower than a year; note that papers with no exact publication date on record are excluded.
Published on or beforepublished_todate: Only return papers published on or before this date. Papers with no exact publication date on record are excluded.

Outputs

match_scorenumber
matchedtrue/false
paperobject

Example output

{
  "match_score": 178.4768,
  "matched": true,
  "paper": {
    "abstract": "We describe a deployed scalable system for organizing published scientific literature into a heterogeneous graph to facilitate algorithmic manipulation and discovery.",
    "authors": [
      {
        "authorId": "145585097",
        "name": "Bridger Waleed Ammar"
      },
      {
        "authorId": "3458736",
        "name": "Dirk Groeneveld"
      }
    ],
    "citationCount": 452,
    "externalIds": {
      "ArXiv": "1805.02262",
      "CorpusId": 19170988,
      "DOI": "10.18653/v1/N18-3011"
    },
    "fieldsOfStudy": [
      "Computer Science"
    ],
    "influentialCitationCount": 51,
    "isOpenAccess": true,
    "openAccessPdf": {
      "license": "CCBY",
      "status": "GOLD",
      "url": "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3011.pdf"
    },
    "paperId": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
    "publicationDate": "2018-05-06",
    "publicationTypes": [
      "JournalArticle",
      "Conference"
    ],
    "referenceCount": 26,
    "title": "Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar",
    "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
    "venue": "North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
    "year": 2018
  }
}

Get a paper's authors

List the authors of a paper with their full profiles: affiliation, homepage, how many papers they have published, how often they are cited and their h-index. More than the names you get from the paper record itself.

Inputs

Paperpaper_idtextRequired: The paper to look up. Accepts a Semantic Scholar paper page URL or ID, a DOI, an arXiv URL or 'ARXIV:' ID, or any of the API's other prefixed forms: CorpusId:, MAG:, ACL:, PMID:, PMCID:.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each author. Leave empty for the usual set (name, affiliations, homepage, paper and citation counts, h-index). 'Their papers' returns every paper on the profile, which can be thousands of records.One or more of: authorId (Author ID), externalIds (External IDs (ORCID, DBLP…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), name, affiliations, homepage, paperCount (Number of papers), citationCount (Number of citations), hIndex (h-index), papers (Their papers (whole list)).
Number of resultslimitnumber: How many authors to return (1–1,000). Defaults to 10.From 1 to 1000.
Skipoffsetnumber: How many results to skip, for paging. Use the 'next_offset' value from a previous run to fetch the following page.From 0 to 10000000.

Outputs

has_moretrue/false
next_offsetnumber
offsetnumber
paper_idtext
result_countnumber
resultslist
total_resultsnumber

Example output

{
  "has_more": true,
  "next_offset": 1,
  "offset": 0,
  "paper_id": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
  "result_count": 1,
  "results": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allen Institute for AI"
      ],
      "authorId": "1741101",
      "citationCount": 43671,
      "externalIds": {
        "DBLP": [
          "Oren Etzioni"
        ]
      },
      "hIndex": 88,
      "homepage": null,
      "name": "Oren Etzioni",
      "paperCount": 259,
      "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/1741101"
    }
  ],
  "total_results": 4498
}

Get a paper's references

List the papers a given paper cites (its bibliography, resolved to real paper records) with the sentences each one was cited in and what it was cited for. Use it to walk backwards through the literature from a paper you already have.

Inputs

Paperpaper_idtextRequired: The paper to look up. Accepts a Semantic Scholar paper page URL or ID, a DOI, an arXiv URL or 'ARXIV:' ID, or any of the API's other prefixed forms: CorpusId:, MAG:, ACL:, PMID:, PMCID:.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each paper. Leave empty for the usual set (title, abstract, year, venue, authors, citation counts, open-access link and IDs). Every extra field costs response size, so pick deliberately on large result sets.One or more of: paperId (Paper ID), corpusId (Corpus ID), externalIds (External IDs (DOI, arXiv, PubMed…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), title, abstract, venue (Venue name), publicationVenue (Venue (full record)), year, publicationDate (Publication date), and 11 more.
Number of resultslimitnumber: How many references to return (1–1,000). Defaults to 10.From 1 to 1000.
Skipoffsetnumber: How many results to skip, for paging. Use the 'next_offset' value from a previous run to fetch the following page.From 0 to 10000000.

Outputs

has_moretrue/false
next_offsetnumber
offsetnumber
paper_idtext
referenceslist
result_countnumber
total_resultsnumber

Example output

{
  "has_more": true,
  "next_offset": 1,
  "offset": 0,
  "paper_id": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
  "references": [
    {
      "contexts": [
        "In Siegel et al. (2018), we induced labels."
      ],
      "intents": [
        "background"
      ],
      "is_influential": false,
      "paper": {
        "abstract": "We describe a deployed scalable system for organizing published scientific literature into a heterogeneous graph to facilitate algorithmic manipulation and discovery.",
        "authors": [
          {
            "authorId": "145585097",
            "name": "Bridger Waleed Ammar"
          },
          {
            "authorId": "3458736",
            "name": "Dirk Groeneveld"
          }
        ],
        "citationCount": 452,
        "externalIds": {
          "ArXiv": "1805.02262",
          "CorpusId": 19170988,
          "DOI": "10.18653/v1/N18-3011"
        },
        "fieldsOfStudy": [
          "Computer Science"
        ],
        "influentialCitationCount": 51,
        "isOpenAccess": true,
        "openAccessPdf": {
          "license": "CCBY",
          "status": "GOLD",
          "url": "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3011.pdf"
        },
        "paperId": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
        "publicationDate": "2018-05-06",
        "publicationTypes": [
          "JournalArticle",
          "Conference"
        ],
        "referenceCount": 26,
        "title": "Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar",
        "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
        "venue": "North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
        "year": 2018
      }
    }
  ],
  "result_count": 1,
  "total_results": 4498
}

Get an author's papers

List everything an author has published, optionally narrowed to a publication-date window. Use it to build a publication list, or to watch a researcher for new work.

Inputs

Authorauthor_idtextRequired: The author to look up: a Semantic Scholar author ID, or their author page URL. Search authors first if you only have a name; names are not unique.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each paper. Leave empty for the usual set (title, abstract, year, venue, authors, citation counts, open-access link and IDs). Every extra field costs response size, so pick deliberately on large result sets.One or more of: paperId (Paper ID), corpusId (Corpus ID), externalIds (External IDs (DOI, arXiv, PubMed…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), title, abstract, venue (Venue name), publicationVenue (Venue (full record)), year, publicationDate (Publication date), and 11 more.
Number of resultslimitnumber: How many papers to return (1–1,000). Defaults to 10.From 1 to 1000.
Skipoffsetnumber: How many results to skip, for paging. Use the 'next_offset' value from a previous run to fetch the following page.From 0 to 10000000.
Published on or afterpublished_fromdate: Only return papers published on or after this date. Use this rather than the year boxes when the window is narrower than a year; note that papers with no exact publication date on record are excluded.
Published on or beforepublished_todate: Only return papers published on or before this date. Papers with no exact publication date on record are excluded.

Outputs

author_idtext
has_moretrue/false
next_offsetnumber
offsetnumber
result_countnumber
resultslist
total_resultsnumber

Example output

{
  "author_id": "1741101",
  "has_more": true,
  "next_offset": 1,
  "offset": 0,
  "result_count": 1,
  "results": [
    {
      "abstract": "We describe a deployed scalable system for organizing published scientific literature into a heterogeneous graph to facilitate algorithmic manipulation and discovery.",
      "authors": [
        {
          "authorId": "145585097",
          "name": "Bridger Waleed Ammar"
        },
        {
          "authorId": "3458736",
          "name": "Dirk Groeneveld"
        }
      ],
      "citationCount": 452,
      "externalIds": {
        "ArXiv": "1805.02262",
        "CorpusId": 19170988,
        "DOI": "10.18653/v1/N18-3011"
      },
      "fieldsOfStudy": [
        "Computer Science"
      ],
      "influentialCitationCount": 51,
      "isOpenAccess": true,
      "openAccessPdf": {
        "license": "CCBY",
        "status": "GOLD",
        "url": "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3011.pdf"
      },
      "paperId": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "publicationDate": "2018-05-06",
      "publicationTypes": [
        "JournalArticle",
        "Conference"
      ],
      "referenceCount": 26,
      "title": "Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar",
      "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "venue": "North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
      "year": 2018
    }
  ],
  "total_results": 4498
}

Get author

Get one author's profile: name, affiliations, homepage, how many papers they have published, how often they are cited, and their h-index.

Inputs

Authorauthor_idtextRequired: The author to look up: a Semantic Scholar author ID, or their author page URL. Search authors first if you only have a name; names are not unique.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each author. Leave empty for the usual set (name, affiliations, homepage, paper and citation counts, h-index). 'Their papers' returns every paper on the profile, which can be thousands of records.One or more of: authorId (Author ID), externalIds (External IDs (ORCID, DBLP…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), name, affiliations, homepage, paperCount (Number of papers), citationCount (Number of citations), hIndex (h-index), papers (Their papers (whole list)).

Outputs

authorobject

Example output

{
  "author": {
    "affiliations": [
      "Allen Institute for AI"
    ],
    "authorId": "1741101",
    "citationCount": 43671,
    "externalIds": {
      "DBLP": [
        "Oren Etzioni"
      ]
    },
    "hIndex": 88,
    "homepage": null,
    "name": "Oren Etzioni",
    "paperCount": 259,
    "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/1741101"
  }
}

Get many authors

Look up as many as 500 author profiles in a single request, for a lab roster, a programme committee, or the author list of a paper you already fetched. IDs that don't resolve come back listed under 'not_found'.

Inputs

Authorsauthor_idslistRequired: Up to 500 Semantic Scholar author IDs, or their author page URLs.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each author. Leave empty for the usual set (name, affiliations, homepage, paper and citation counts, h-index). 'Their papers' returns every paper on the profile, which can be thousands of records.One or more of: authorId (Author ID), externalIds (External IDs (ORCID, DBLP…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), name, affiliations, homepage, paperCount (Number of papers), citationCount (Number of citations), hIndex (h-index), papers (Their papers (whole list)).

Outputs

authorslist
found_countnumber
not_foundlist
requested_countnumber

Example output

{
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allen Institute for AI"
      ],
      "authorId": "1741101",
      "citationCount": 43671,
      "externalIds": {
        "DBLP": [
          "Oren Etzioni"
        ]
      },
      "hIndex": 88,
      "homepage": null,
      "name": "Oren Etzioni",
      "paperCount": 259,
      "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/1741101"
    }
  ],
  "found_count": 1,
  "not_found": [
    "0"
  ],
  "requested_count": 2
}

Get many papers

Look up as many as 500 papers in a single request: the right way to enrich a reading list, a bibliography, or a column of DOIs from a spreadsheet. IDs that don't resolve come back listed under 'not_found' instead of leaving gaps in the results.

Inputs

Paperspaper_idslistRequired: Up to 500 papers. Each one can be a Semantic Scholar URL or ID, a DOI, an arXiv ID, or another prefixed form; they can be mixed freely in one list.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each paper. Leave empty for the usual set (title, abstract, year, venue, authors, citation counts, open-access link and IDs). Every extra field costs response size, so pick deliberately on large result sets.One or more of: paperId (Paper ID), corpusId (Corpus ID), externalIds (External IDs (DOI, arXiv, PubMed…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), title, abstract, venue (Venue name), publicationVenue (Venue (full record)), year, publicationDate (Publication date), and 13 more.

Outputs

found_countnumber
not_foundlist
paperslist
requested_countnumber

Example output

{
  "found_count": 1,
  "not_found": [
    "DOI:10.9999/missing"
  ],
  "papers": [
    {
      "abstract": "We describe a deployed scalable system for organizing published scientific literature into a heterogeneous graph to facilitate algorithmic manipulation and discovery.",
      "authors": [
        {
          "authorId": "145585097",
          "name": "Bridger Waleed Ammar"
        },
        {
          "authorId": "3458736",
          "name": "Dirk Groeneveld"
        }
      ],
      "citationCount": 452,
      "externalIds": {
        "ArXiv": "1805.02262",
        "CorpusId": 19170988,
        "DOI": "10.18653/v1/N18-3011"
      },
      "fieldsOfStudy": [
        "Computer Science"
      ],
      "influentialCitationCount": 51,
      "isOpenAccess": true,
      "openAccessPdf": {
        "license": "CCBY",
        "status": "GOLD",
        "url": "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3011.pdf"
      },
      "paperId": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "publicationDate": "2018-05-06",
      "publicationTypes": [
        "JournalArticle",
        "Conference"
      ],
      "referenceCount": 26,
      "title": "Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar",
      "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "venue": "North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
      "year": 2018
    }
  ],
  "requested_count": 2
}

Get paper

Get everything Semantic Scholar knows about one paper: abstract, authors, venue, citation counts, the open-access PDF link, a ready-made BibTeX entry, and the AI-written one-sentence TLDR. Takes a Semantic Scholar URL or ID, a DOI, an arXiv ID, or a PubMed ID.

Inputs

Paperpaper_idtextRequired: The paper to look up. Accepts a Semantic Scholar paper page URL or ID, a DOI, an arXiv URL or 'ARXIV:' ID, or any of the API's other prefixed forms: CorpusId:, MAG:, ACL:, PMID:, PMCID:.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each paper. Leave empty for the usual set (title, abstract, year, venue, authors, citation counts, open-access link and IDs). Every extra field costs response size, so pick deliberately on large result sets.One or more of: paperId (Paper ID), corpusId (Corpus ID), externalIds (External IDs (DOI, arXiv, PubMed…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), title, abstract, venue (Venue name), publicationVenue (Venue (full record)), year, publicationDate (Publication date), and 15 more.

Outputs

paperobject

Example output

{
  "paper": {
    "abstract": "We describe a deployed scalable system for organizing published scientific literature into a heterogeneous graph to facilitate algorithmic manipulation and discovery.",
    "authors": [
      {
        "authorId": "145585097",
        "name": "Bridger Waleed Ammar"
      },
      {
        "authorId": "3458736",
        "name": "Dirk Groeneveld"
      }
    ],
    "citationCount": 452,
    "externalIds": {
      "ArXiv": "1805.02262",
      "CorpusId": 19170988,
      "DOI": "10.18653/v1/N18-3011"
    },
    "fieldsOfStudy": [
      "Computer Science"
    ],
    "influentialCitationCount": 51,
    "isOpenAccess": true,
    "openAccessPdf": {
      "license": "CCBY",
      "status": "GOLD",
      "url": "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3011.pdf"
    },
    "paperId": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
    "publicationDate": "2018-05-06",
    "publicationTypes": [
      "JournalArticle",
      "Conference"
    ],
    "referenceCount": 26,
    "title": "Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar",
    "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
    "venue": "North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
    "year": 2018
  }
}

Get papers citing this one

List the papers that cite a given paper, newest work included, along with why they cite it: the sentences the citation appears in, what it was cited for (background, method, or result), and whether Semantic Scholar judged it an influential citation. Use it to track who is building on a piece of work.

Inputs

Paperpaper_idtextRequired: The paper to look up. Accepts a Semantic Scholar paper page URL or ID, a DOI, an arXiv URL or 'ARXIV:' ID, or any of the API's other prefixed forms: CorpusId:, MAG:, ACL:, PMID:, PMCID:.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each paper. Leave empty for the usual set (title, abstract, year, venue, authors, citation counts, open-access link and IDs). Every extra field costs response size, so pick deliberately on large result sets.One or more of: paperId (Paper ID), corpusId (Corpus ID), externalIds (External IDs (DOI, arXiv, PubMed…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), title, abstract, venue (Venue name), publicationVenue (Venue (full record)), year, publicationDate (Publication date), and 11 more.
Number of resultslimitnumber: How many citing papers to return (1–1,000). Defaults to 10.From 1 to 1000.
Skipoffsetnumber: How many results to skip, for paging. Use the 'next_offset' value from a previous run to fetch the following page.From 0 to 10000000.
Published on or afterpublished_fromdate: Only return papers published on or after this date. Use this rather than the year boxes when the window is narrower than a year; note that papers with no exact publication date on record are excluded.
Published on or beforepublished_todate: Only return papers published on or before this date. Papers with no exact publication date on record are excluded.

Outputs

citationslist
has_moretrue/false
next_offsetnumber
offsetnumber
paper_idtext
result_countnumber
total_resultsnumber

Example output

{
  "citations": [
    {
      "contexts": [
        "Semantic Scholar employs AI to classify citation intent."
      ],
      "intents": [
        "background"
      ],
      "is_influential": false,
      "paper": {
        "abstract": "We describe a deployed scalable system for organizing published scientific literature into a heterogeneous graph to facilitate algorithmic manipulation and discovery.",
        "authors": [
          {
            "authorId": "145585097",
            "name": "Bridger Waleed Ammar"
          },
          {
            "authorId": "3458736",
            "name": "Dirk Groeneveld"
          }
        ],
        "citationCount": 452,
        "externalIds": {
          "ArXiv": "1805.02262",
          "CorpusId": 19170988,
          "DOI": "10.18653/v1/N18-3011"
        },
        "fieldsOfStudy": [
          "Computer Science"
        ],
        "influentialCitationCount": 51,
        "isOpenAccess": true,
        "openAccessPdf": {
          "license": "CCBY",
          "status": "GOLD",
          "url": "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3011.pdf"
        },
        "paperId": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
        "publicationDate": "2018-05-06",
        "publicationTypes": [
          "JournalArticle",
          "Conference"
        ],
        "referenceCount": 26,
        "title": "Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar",
        "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
        "venue": "North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
        "year": 2018
      }
    }
  ],
  "has_more": true,
  "next_offset": 1,
  "offset": 0,
  "paper_id": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
  "result_count": 1,
  "total_results": 4498
}

List dataset releases

List every published snapshot of the Semantic Scholar corpus. A release is a full weekly dump of the whole graph, named by its date; the newest one is what 'latest' refers to in the other dataset actions.

Inputs

None.

Outputs

latest_releasetext
release_countnumber
releaseslist

Example output

{
  "latest_release": "2026-08-11",
  "release_count": 3,
  "releases": [
    "2024-12-24",
    "2025-01-07",
    "2026-08-11"
  ]
}

List datasets in a release

List the datasets in one corpus snapshot (papers, abstracts, authors, citations, embeddings, TLDRs, the S2ORC full text), each with the record count and file size it holds, plus the release's licence terms. Use it to see what the bulk corpus contains and how big a download it would be.

Inputs

Releaserelease_idtext: Which corpus snapshot to use. Defaults to the latest release, which is refreshed weekly.

Outputs

dataset_countnumber
dataset_nameslist
datasetslist
readmetext
release_idtext

Example output

{
  "dataset_count": 1,
  "dataset_names": [
    "abstracts"
  ],
  "datasets": [
    {
      "description": "Paper abstract text, where available. 100M records in 30 1.8GB files.",
      "name": "abstracts"
    }
  ],
  "readme": "Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets\u2026",
  "release_id": "2026-08-11"
}

Recommend papers from examples: a list of papers to find more like, and optionally a list to steer away from. Feed it the papers a team has saved and it becomes a running literature feed.

Inputs

Papers to find more likepositive_paper_idslistRequired: The papers the recommendations should resemble. Any of the usual ID forms.
Papers to steer away fromnegative_paper_idslist: Optional. Papers the recommendations should look less like, useful for pushing a neighbouring sub-field out of the results.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each paper. Leave empty for the usual set (title, abstract, year, venue, authors, citation counts, open-access link and IDs). Every extra field costs response size, so pick deliberately on large result sets.One or more of: paperId (Paper ID), corpusId (Corpus ID), externalIds (External IDs (DOI, arXiv, PubMed…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), title, abstract, venue (Venue name), publicationVenue (Venue (full record)), year, publicationDate (Publication date), and 11 more.
Number of resultslimitnumber: How many papers to return (1–500). Defaults to 10.From 1 to 500.

Outputs

negative_countnumber
positive_countnumber
recommended_paperslist
result_countnumber

Example output

{
  "negative_count": 1,
  "positive_count": 1,
  "recommended_papers": [
    {
      "abstract": "We describe a deployed scalable system for organizing published scientific literature into a heterogeneous graph to facilitate algorithmic manipulation and discovery.",
      "authors": [
        {
          "authorId": "145585097",
          "name": "Bridger Waleed Ammar"
        },
        {
          "authorId": "3458736",
          "name": "Dirk Groeneveld"
        }
      ],
      "citationCount": 452,
      "externalIds": {
        "ArXiv": "1805.02262",
        "CorpusId": 19170988,
        "DOI": "10.18653/v1/N18-3011"
      },
      "fieldsOfStudy": [
        "Computer Science"
      ],
      "influentialCitationCount": 51,
      "isOpenAccess": true,
      "openAccessPdf": {
        "license": "CCBY",
        "status": "GOLD",
        "url": "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3011.pdf"
      },
      "paperId": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "publicationDate": "2018-05-06",
      "publicationTypes": [
        "JournalArticle",
        "Conference"
      ],
      "referenceCount": 26,
      "title": "Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar",
      "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "venue": "North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
      "year": 2018
    }
  ],
  "result_count": 1
}

Given one paper, recommend related ones. Pick the recent pool to see what has come out lately across every field, or the computer science pool to search all of CS regardless of date.

Inputs

Paperpaper_idtextRequired: The paper to look up. Accepts a Semantic Scholar paper page URL or ID, a DOI, an arXiv URL or 'ARXIV:' ID, or any of the API's other prefixed forms: CorpusId:, MAG:, ACL:, PMID:, PMCID:.
Recommend frompooltext: Which body of papers to draw recommendations from. Defaults to recent papers.One of: recent (Recent papers, any field of study), all-cs (All computer science papers, any date).
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each paper. Leave empty for the usual set (title, abstract, year, venue, authors, citation counts, open-access link and IDs). Every extra field costs response size, so pick deliberately on large result sets.One or more of: paperId (Paper ID), corpusId (Corpus ID), externalIds (External IDs (DOI, arXiv, PubMed…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), title, abstract, venue (Venue name), publicationVenue (Venue (full record)), year, publicationDate (Publication date), and 11 more.
Number of resultslimitnumber: How many papers to return (1–500). Defaults to 10.From 1 to 500.

Outputs

paper_idtext
recommended_paperslist
result_countnumber

Example output

{
  "paper_id": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
  "recommended_papers": [
    {
      "abstract": "We describe a deployed scalable system for organizing published scientific literature into a heterogeneous graph to facilitate algorithmic manipulation and discovery.",
      "authors": [
        {
          "authorId": "145585097",
          "name": "Bridger Waleed Ammar"
        },
        {
          "authorId": "3458736",
          "name": "Dirk Groeneveld"
        }
      ],
      "citationCount": 452,
      "externalIds": {
        "ArXiv": "1805.02262",
        "CorpusId": 19170988,
        "DOI": "10.18653/v1/N18-3011"
      },
      "fieldsOfStudy": [
        "Computer Science"
      ],
      "influentialCitationCount": 51,
      "isOpenAccess": true,
      "openAccessPdf": {
        "license": "CCBY",
        "status": "GOLD",
        "url": "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3011.pdf"
      },
      "paperId": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "publicationDate": "2018-05-06",
      "publicationTypes": [
        "JournalArticle",
        "Conference"
      ],
      "referenceCount": 26,
      "title": "Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar",
      "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "venue": "North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
      "year": 2018
    }
  ],
  "result_count": 1
}

Search authors

Find author profiles by name. Names are not unique and one researcher can have more than one profile, so the paper and citation counts that come back are how you tell which profile is the one you want before looking up their work.

Inputs

Author namequerytextRequired: The name to search for. Hyphenated terms find nothing; replace a hyphen with a space.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each author. Leave empty for the usual set (name, affiliations, homepage, paper and citation counts, h-index). 'Their papers' returns every paper on the profile, which can be thousands of records.One or more of: authorId (Author ID), externalIds (External IDs (ORCID, DBLP…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), name, affiliations, homepage, paperCount (Number of papers), citationCount (Number of citations), hIndex (h-index), papers (Their papers (whole list)).
Number of resultslimitnumber: How many authors to return (1–1,000). Defaults to 10.From 1 to 1000.
Skipoffsetnumber: How many results to skip, for paging. Use the 'next_offset' value from a previous run. Search paging stops at 1,000 results; use bulk search to go deeper.From 0 to 1000.

Outputs

has_moretrue/false
next_offsetnumber
offsetnumber
result_countnumber
resultslist
total_resultsnumber

Example output

{
  "has_more": true,
  "next_offset": 1,
  "offset": 0,
  "result_count": 1,
  "results": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allen Institute for AI"
      ],
      "authorId": "1741101",
      "citationCount": 43671,
      "externalIds": {
        "DBLP": [
          "Oren Etzioni"
        ]
      },
      "hIndex": 88,
      "homepage": null,
      "name": "Oren Etzioni",
      "paperCount": 259,
      "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/1741101"
    }
  ],
  "total_results": 4498
}

Search papers

Search Semantic Scholar's 200-million-paper corpus by relevance and filter the results by year, publication date, venue, field of study, publication type, citation count, or open-access availability. This is the everyday search: it ranks by how well a paper matches the words you typed. Paging stops at 1,000 results; use 'Fetch papers in bulk' to pull an entire filtered set.

Inputs

Search termsquerytextRequired: Plain words to search for. There is no special query syntax here, and hyphenated terms find nothing; write 'covid 19', not 'covid-19'.
Details to returnfieldstext: Which details to return for each paper. Leave empty for the usual set (title, abstract, year, venue, authors, citation counts, open-access link and IDs). Every extra field costs response size, so pick deliberately on large result sets.One or more of: paperId (Paper ID), corpusId (Corpus ID), externalIds (External IDs (DOI, arXiv, PubMed…)), url (Semantic Scholar page URL), title, abstract, venue (Venue name), publicationVenue (Venue (full record)), year, publicationDate (Publication date), and 13 more.
Publication typespublication_typestext: Only return papers of these types. Leave empty for every type. A paper matching any of the chosen types is included.One or more of: Review, JournalArticle, CaseReport, ClinicalTrial, Conference, Dataset, Editorial, LettersAndComments, MetaAnalysis, News, and 3 more.
Fields of studyfields_of_studytext: Only return papers in these fields of study. Leave empty for every field. A paper matching any of the chosen fields is included.One or more of: Computer Science, Medicine, Chemistry, Biology, Materials Science, Physics, Geology, Psychology, Art, History, and 13 more.
Venuesvenueslist: Only return papers published in these journals or conferences. Full names and ISO4 abbreviations both work, for example 'Nature' or 'N. Engl. J. Med.'.
Open access onlyopen_access_onlytrue/false: Only return papers with a freely downloadable PDF. Turn this on when the workflow goes on to read the full text.
Minimum citationsmin_citation_countnumber: Only return papers cited at least this many times. A quick way to filter for work the field has actually taken up.From 0 to 1000000.
Published from yearyear_fromnumber: Only return papers published in or after this year. Can be used on its own for an open-ended range.From 1000 to 2999.
Published up to yearyear_tonumber: Only return papers published in or before this year. Can be used on its own for an open-ended range.From 1000 to 2999.
Published on or afterpublished_fromdate: Only return papers published on or after this date. Use this rather than the year boxes when the window is narrower than a year; note that papers with no exact publication date on record are excluded.
Published on or beforepublished_todate: Only return papers published on or before this date. Papers with no exact publication date on record are excluded.
Number of resultslimitnumber: How many papers to return (1–100). Defaults to 10.From 1 to 100.
Skipoffsetnumber: How many results to skip, for paging. Use the 'next_offset' value from a previous run. Search paging stops at 1,000 results; use bulk search to go deeper.From 0 to 1000.

Outputs

has_moretrue/false
next_offsetnumber
offsetnumber
result_countnumber
resultslist
total_resultsnumber

Example output

{
  "has_more": true,
  "next_offset": 1,
  "offset": 0,
  "result_count": 1,
  "results": [
    {
      "abstract": "We describe a deployed scalable system for organizing published scientific literature into a heterogeneous graph to facilitate algorithmic manipulation and discovery.",
      "authors": [
        {
          "authorId": "145585097",
          "name": "Bridger Waleed Ammar"
        },
        {
          "authorId": "3458736",
          "name": "Dirk Groeneveld"
        }
      ],
      "citationCount": 452,
      "externalIds": {
        "ArXiv": "1805.02262",
        "CorpusId": 19170988,
        "DOI": "10.18653/v1/N18-3011"
      },
      "fieldsOfStudy": [
        "Computer Science"
      ],
      "influentialCitationCount": 51,
      "isOpenAccess": true,
      "openAccessPdf": {
        "license": "CCBY",
        "status": "GOLD",
        "url": "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3011.pdf"
      },
      "paperId": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "publicationDate": "2018-05-06",
      "publicationTypes": [
        "JournalArticle",
        "Conference"
      ],
      "referenceCount": 26,
      "title": "Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar",
      "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "venue": "North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
      "year": 2018
    }
  ],
  "total_results": 4498
}

Suggest paper titles

Suggest paper titles for a partial query (the type-ahead behind Semantic Scholar's own search box). Each suggestion is an ID, a title and an 'authors, year' line, which is enough to show someone a list and then look up whichever one they pick.

Inputs

Partial titlequerytextRequired: The start of a title. Only the first 100 characters are used.

Outputs

matcheslist
result_countnumber

Example output

{
  "matches": [
    {
      "authorsYear": "Ammar et al., 2018",
      "id": "649def34f8be52c8b66281af98ae884c09aef38b",
      "title": "Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar"
    }
  ],
  "result_count": 1
}

ActionsCopy Anchor Link

Fetch papers in bulkCopy Anchor Link

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Outputs

Find paper by titleCopy Anchor Link

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Outputs

Get a paper's authorsCopy Anchor Link

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Outputs

Get a paper's referencesCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

Get an author's papersCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

Get authorCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

Get many authorsCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

Get many papersCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

Get paperCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

Get papers citing this oneCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

List dataset releasesCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

List datasets in a releaseCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

Recommend papers from a reading listCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

Recommend papers like this oneCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

Search authorsCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

Search papersCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

Suggest paper titlesCopy Anchor Link

Inputs

Outputs

On this page

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Fetch papers in bulk

Find paper by title

Get a paper's authors

Get a paper's references

Get an author's papers

Get author

Get many authors

Get many papers

Get paper

Get papers citing this one

List dataset releases

List datasets in a release

Recommend papers from a reading list

Recommend papers like this one

Search authors

Search papers

Suggest paper titles